The  JSL (Johnson Sea Link) is a submersible with two sepreate pressure hulls and can hold up to four people. The JSL submersible is 23 ft. long, 10 ft. high and, 8 ft. wide. It’s diving depth range is 3,000 ft and manages a maximum of one knot. The JSL is used to study mid and deep water realms, inspect dump sites, perform research and recovery task and, conduct underwater archeological missions. The structure of the submersible such as a video camera is to see there surroundings and can extand 8 ft. out from the vessel. The JSL also has a hydraulic robotic arm to manipulate and get samlpes, a vacuum to suck up samples and a claw and scoop to get rock samples or inspect small animals. The JSL is built this way to collect data and samples from the inside to insure the saftey of the passengers it holds from place they are not familiar with.

The Alvin submersible is pobably the most famous of all. Its a shuttle like  titanium hulled sub that can hold up to 3 passengers and weights 37, 400 pounds. Alvin can dive to depth up to 14, 764 and can remain submerged for 10 hours under normal conditions.

alvin:looks like a mini submarine.Alvin can go deep as14,764 deep in depth and thats the maximum. It is used for to conduct biological, chemical, geochemical,and geological,also geophysiacl studies.there titatium is very strong and will be able to keep them down in the water.Bulit this way to make it say underwater to help them when they do research.

Deepworker:depth of 4,000ft and it looks like:a bubble with alot of equipment that will help scientists.this was created to make the explorers work very easy.it goes dwn very far and it gives a deep amount of pressure akso.its helps the boat function and make the explorers work easier.

Hercules: this also goes down 4,000 ft and it looks like

 Hercules was  used to design  to study and recover artifacts from ancient shipwrecks this was done in the deep blue sea. It structure carries cameras and acoustic sensors that are used to gather video and other data of each time it dives. to help the researchers get everything easily.

RCV150- can reach a depth of (3000 ft) and it looks like an underwater bitd cage

the tasks it used for are to go underwater and take video and  color pictures deep under the water

the structure fits its pupose beacuase it looks like a bird cage with mny different camnras and other things to capture images

Alvin:

A. Alvin is the first deep submersible ever built for Scientific Research. It is also the first built for carrying passengers, Alvin can fit about 3 people into his hull. Alvin can descend to a maximum of 2.99 miles, or 14,764 feet. So far

B. Alvin has done many dives such as the dive of project FAMOUS, as well as helping discover the first hydrothermal vents in the bottom of the ocean. So far, Alvin has discovered more than 24 Hydrothermal Vents in the Pacific Ocean. It has helped discover over 300 new species of sea life, and finding human artificats, such as a Hydrogen Bomb from a B-52 bomber.

C.  Alvin has done these expeditions from its numerous upgrades, such as his ability to withstand the oceanic pressure by its titanium shell, that can help keep it submerged for over 10 hours, but with it’s emergency systems, it can allow itself and it’s passengers to be submerged for over 72 hours.

Clelia:

A. Clelia is PC 1204 Submersible that’s used to address the needs of the shallow water scientific community. Clelia is 23 ft. long, 8 feet wide, and 9 feet high. Clelia’s maximum depth is 1,000 feet.

B. Clelia is used for short dives as well as longer duration, but more complex dives. It can be balanced midwater to give neutral buoyancy. It can also take pictures and record video underwater.

C. Clelia has contributed to scientific research with it’s cameras to record ocean life, along with jaws, scoops, and suction samplers to gather various ocean life and other research materials.

Jason:

Alvin owned by a man name woods wole oceanographic institution has been operation since 1964 Alvin was the first deep-sea submersible capable of carrying passengers, usually a pilot and two observers Alvin can plunge to a maximum depth of 14,764 ft. alvin looks like a underwater tank and he like a giant pencils, also look like a giant bullet. Alvin weighs 37,400 lbs. She about 10 and 11 feet high and 6 and 8  feet wide. Alvin makes between 150 and 200 dives every year.

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The johnson sea link is At 23.6 ft long, 10.9 ft high and 8.3 ft wide the johnson can dive to a depth of 3,000 ft and travel at a maximum speed of one knot. The front chamber, which contains the sub’s controls, is a 5-ft-diameter sphere made of five-in thick, clear acrylic.the jonson have a video camera. The video camera rests on a platform that can extend up to 8 ft from the vessel.A typical dive lasts for about 4 hours.

This submersible helps to record the underwater scenery . It can go as deep as 2,000 feet.  The DeepWorker is light weight and very compactable. This allows it to go deeper and with hold the pressure of the ocean. The submersible allows scientist to stay under water longer and ehnace thier studies of the underwater life.

This submersible is called Alvin. It was the first subemersible that was able to carry passengers. In can dive as deep as 14,764 feet. It is also designed to with old the crushing  pressure of the ocean. Alvin is made out of titanium. It was bult to go along with rugged bottoms of the ocean, take video, or even for scientific discoveries! He waya about 37,400 pounds.

 ROV Jason was desined to explore the deep ocean and the seafloor. It is made to go 6,500 meters. It is remotely controlled and can be doen fom many vessels. Jason is basically a sample platform that sends information up to the scientist so they can collect the data.  HIs first dive was in 1988 and quit doing dive in 2001. During those years he made 253 dives. Which allowed scientist 4683 hours down in the bottom of the ocean!

This is ROV Tiburon. It was made for deep sea exploration. Its first dive was in 1997 and ever since then it was gone on 400 dives. It goes about 4,00 meters in depth and allowed scientist to make biological, geological. oceanography discoveries. Tiburon gets is signals on where to go from a Vessel. Because of what is hooked on to the ROV, like wires and cameras, scrientist are able to see what is going on down in the deep blue.

Submersibles:

Alvin:  Alvin is a submersible that has been in use since 1964.  Scientists used Alvin to perform biological, chemical, geochemical, geological, and geophysical studies. It was the very first deep-sea submarine that had the capability of carrying human beings in it and it’s max. depth is now a whopping 14,764 ft. It looks like a box shaped shark hammer head and  it weighs 37, 400 pounds, is 23-4 inches long, 11′ 10″ high and is 8’6″ wide. Alvin is built to be able to take high amounts of pressure in the ocean and its occupants can stay down there for about 72 hours.

Mir I:  The Mir I is a submersible that has a depth of 20,000 ft. It’s a 3 manned machine and its fueled by a battery. It is used by scientists to observe the deep sea and collect samples. It weights 18.9 tons and is 7.8 meters long. It’s shape is a circular oval-like shape and it’s structure suits it’s function because it was specifically designed for underwater activities such as observing the deep sea and was built this way just for those purposes.

 Remotely Operated Vehicles:

ROPOS:  This type of ROV, ROPOS, is designed to perform a large amount of scientific explorations through all different types of ranges. It’s maximum depth is 5,000 meters and it weighs about 6,000 pounds. It has 2 operating modes: deep and shallow water. The data that the ROPOS collects is always transmitted to its pilot to analyze. ROPOS looks like a big rectangle and it’s 5 ft wide, 9ft long and 7ft tall.

ROV HERCULES:  The ROV Hercules was built for the Institute for Exploration and contains special features that allows it to descend to 4,000 meters deep. Hercules was designed to study and recover artifacts from ancient ship wrecks and it’s also used to study biology and geology in the deep sea. The ROV Hercules looks like a cube, with a yellow top and steel and wiring below it.

Overall Submersibles work  by:  

-Either controlled by man or controled remotely.

-Usually is hoisted up by a crane and lowered down gently into the water before being released for use.

-Has different gadgets on it that is used for different things to study the ocean floor.

-Has an anchor when it reaches the desired depth so it will stay stable throughout the study.

Submerisbles

Johnson Sea-Link

a.)It is a 23ft long 11ft wide submersible that has a main compartment made of 5in thick acrylic that allows a full view of the ocean. It can hold 4 people with 2 in the main bubble and 2 more in the stern chamber, which is a second apartment with 2 side ports and a video camera.

b.)JSL is used to study mid water and deep water realms, perform search and recovery tasks, and conduct underwater archaeological research.

c.) The JSL was made to be highly maneuverable and have a typical dive length of 4 hours. It can hover in one place and rest on the sea floor. It was made very strong with 5in acrylic and air conditioning.

Alvin

a.) Alvin is 23ft 4in long, 11ft 10in high, and 8ft 6in high. It has had many upgrades and its current paint scheme in all with with a orange top.

b.) Alvin is used for biological, chemical, geochemical, and geological studies. Some of its achievements include proving that the sea floor spreads around the Atlantic Ridge, discovering hydrothermal vents in the Galapagos islands, and discovering more that 300 new species of animal.

c.) Alvin has a hull made of titanium, and can stay submerged for up to 10 hours, although its life support systems can support them for up to 72 hours. It has lead-acid batteries that maintain its 5 hydraulic thrusters. All of these help the submersible dive to a maximum depth of 14,764 ft.

ROV/AUV

ROV Hercules

a.) Hercules has a array of cameras and bionic arms that allow it to take samples and record what it sees. It has a depth range of 4,000ft.

b.) Hercules is used for gathering samples and video at depths of up to 4,000ft. Its high def. cameras and high powered lights help it to collect high quality images and delicate samples.

c.) The submersible was made to work with a “buddy” submersible that has high powered lights and cameras similar to Hercules. Its electric components are surrounded with titanium pressure capsules, to keep from being crushed. Other components that don’t have the titanium are submerged in oil that does not compress much and doesn’t corrode like salt water. All of these systems help Hercules work 24 hours a day at depths of 4,000ft.

ROV ABE

a.)ABE is only 1200 pounds and has a length of only 2 meters. It has 2 free floating pots on top of it that help to control its buoyancy.

b.)ABE is used to collect data on sea bottoms in excess of 5000ft. It also has been set to take samples and take photos as it performs its predetermined route.

c.)ABE has a variety of sensors and instruments that it uses to collect data, as well as having the ability to move independently through its environment to search the sea floor for new discoveries. It uses these items to work up to 10 hours a day, at the cost of only $3,000 a day.

The first submersible I choose was the Johnson Sea-Link.It is owned and operated by HARBOR BRANCH Oceanographic Institution. At 23.9 ft long, 10.9 ft high and 8.3 ft wide, these highly maneuverable submersibles can dive to a depth of 3,000 ft and travel at a maximum speed of one knot. From looking at this from a student/learner prespative it looks like fork lift with a glass window to protect the “driver”.It  is highly flexible and adaptable, which makes it able to study both in mid- and deep-waters, inspect dump sites, it does search and recovery tasks, and conducts underwater archeological missions.Most dives done with the JSL lasts for about 4 hours. The sub can hover in midwater and rest on the sea floor which makes it easy for researchers to make observations and collect samples. It was build this way in 1971, at Mr. Johnson’s request. The second submersible i choose was Alvin. Alvin weighs 37,400 lbs. and measures 23 ft 4 in long, 11 ft 10 in high and 8 ft 6 in wide. It has a 6-mi range, a cruising speed of 1 knot and a maximum speed of 2 knots. It is propelled by five hydraulic thrusters and features an electrical system powered by lead-acid batteries.Alvin looks like a milatry tank with out the wheels. Alvin was the first deep-sea submersible capable of carrying passengers, usually a pilot and two observers. Its first untethered dive measured 35 ft. Now, after numerous upgrades and reconstructions, Alvin can plunge to a maximum depth of 14,764 ft.Alvin is built to withstand the crushing pressure of the deep ocean. The titanium-hulled sub can remain submerged for 10 hours under normal conditions, although its life support system will allow the sub and its occupants to remain underwater for 72 hours. It is capable of maneuvering around rugged bottom areas and can hover in midwater to perform scientific tasks or take still and video photography.
 Now i also Im researching R.O.V’s. The first R.O.V I choose was ROV RCV-150.The RCV-150 is a tethered remotely operated vehicle with an operating depth of 914 m (3000 ft). The RCV-150 system consists of a dedicated winch/A-frame tether management system (TMS) and vehicle. The TMS/vehicle are deployed from the support ship via a double armored electro-optical umbilical to the desired operating depth.Standard vehicle equipment includes a color video camera with zoom and focus controls, 1500 watts of lighting, micro CTD, Tritech imaging sonar, and a simple manipulator with a six inch cutoff wheel. The TMS is equipped with lights and video cameras to aid in vehicle navigation and terrain monitoring from a position above the vehicle.The primary data that is collected with the RCV-150 is in the form of video. One of the common uses of the RCV-150 has been to conduct surveys of bottomfish in Hawai’i. All of the fish “seen” by the ROV are counted and recorded and then the video serves as a relatively long-term record of the appearance of the dive site. The second R.O.V I choose was the ROV Hercules.Hercules is one of the very few Remotely Operated Vehicles specifically designed to be used as a scientific tool. Built for the Institute For Exploration (IFE), Hercules is equipped with special features that allow it to perform intricate tasks while descending to depths of 4,000 meters.Although Hercules was designed primarily to study and recover artifacts from ancient shipwrecks, it is also well suited to study biology and geology in the deep sea.With a flexible set of tools that can be adjusted to specific requirements of each dive, Hercules also has a pair of manipulator arms attached to its front end. One of these arms is force-reflective, which means that the operator can feel the forces being applied to the arm through motors in the operator’s master control unit. After all this research I started to think how can submersible float on water but yet sink to great depths of the sea. So I did some research and this is what I found out. Submarines are a mixture of metal, air, and water. The secret of a submarine’s ability to either sink or float lies in a special property of air. Unlike water or metal, air can be squashed into a tiny space. While the submarine is sinking, its air is compressed. Water fills the compartments called the ballast tanks. The combination of water and metal, with just a little bit of air in the centre for the crew to breathe, is more dense than the surrounding ocean water, and so the submarine sinks.Once the submarine is underwater, air is pumped into the ballast tanks. The new combination of metal, water, and air is just as dense as the surrounding water, so the submarine hovers, neither sinking nor rising. This is called “neutral buoyancy”, and allows the sub to maneuver underwater.When it’s time to rise, even more air is pushed into the ballast tanks. This pushes water out, resulting in a mixture of air, metal, and water that is now less dense than the water surrounding the sub. Under these conditions, the sub rises to the surface.

Alvin:

a. It looks like a space shuttle and its depth range is 14,764 ft.

b The tasks it is used for

c. Its structure suits its function or purpose by

Johnson Sea-Link:

a. It looks like

b. The tasks it is used for are

c. Its structure suits its function or purpose by

Ropos:

a. It looks like

b. The tasks it is used for

c. Its structure suits its function or purpose by

Rov Rcv-150

a. It looks like

b. The tasks are

c. Its structure suit its function by

How Real submersibles work:

Alvin: Alvin looks like an underwater tank and can reach depths as far as 14,764 feet.  sofar Alvin alvin comleted many tasks such as diving from 150 to 200 dives a year.  Alvin can do this because it was designed to withstand extreme pressure.

Mir I and II: Mir I and II looks like a little submersable bubble and can reach depths upto 20,000 feet.  Mir I and II has completed the task of having one person controling the two ships at the same time.  it can do this because there are two seperate controle units.

ROV Jason: ROV Jason looks like a box and can reach depths as far as 21,85 feet.   ROV Jason can store up to 310lbs. of samples and bring it all back to the surface.  It has propellors so that it can dive and surface really fast.

ROV RCV-150: ROV RCV-150 looks like a human bird cage and can reach depths as far as 3,000 feet. so fas, this has alowed people to have high manuverability. ROV RCV-150 can so this because it was built small and compact.

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How submersibles really work:   submersibles are litttle human opperated machines used to gather information that is in the ocean that cannot be reached only by a human.